highly significantp < 0.001
Analysis of the relationship between themes and emotions Addressing the study’s primary analytical aim of characterizing the association between thematic content and viewer-reported emotional responses, the distribution of emotional responses across different types of artistic themes revealed significant differences, with chi-square analysis confirming a highly significant overall association ( χ 2 = 234.7, df = 12, p < 0.001, Cramer’s V = 0.24).