Estimation of SPAD values in litchi based on improved LSTM with fusion of IoT and multispectral image texture features.

2.6 Preprocessing methods for texture features and vegetation index feature calculation Based on the preprocessed multispectral images acquired throughout the year, nine vegetation index with clear indicative significance for the physiological status of the litchi canopy were systematically extracted to quantify the growth conditions of litchi across different phenological stages ( Han et al., 2024 ).

also in 112 other papers