Case-control study of risk factors for abscess development following hepatitis B vaccination in children in Timor-Leste, 2024.

Its primary utility is hypothesis generation and reinforcement of safe practices.” Conclusion (page 32–33) Remove the sentence beginning “While vaccination from a previously opened multidose vial showed a nonsignificant trend...” This is overinterpretation.

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We have: • Corrected this error throughout the manuscript • Removed all references to antiseptic omission as a "critical risk factor" • Added explanatory text about why the McNemar test p-value may be significant even with mOR=1.00 when based on very sparse data • Excluded this variable from multivariable modeling due to instability The revised Table 5 (lines 420-443) now correctly shows: Variable Comparison Matched Odds Ratio (mOR) 95% CI p-value Antiseptic application Yes vs No 1.00 0.06-18.09 0.006 We have added the following explanatory note in the results section (lines 457-464): "Application of an antiseptic at the injection site prior to vaccination showed a statistically significant difference between cases and controls based on the exact McNemar test (p = 0.006).

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