Preparation and performance of alkali-activated synchronous grouting material incorporating shield muck.

Sci Rep · 2026 · PMC13333862 · PMID 42086675

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a decreasing trendno p-value reported

7 , the anti-washout performance of the grouting materials generally exhibited a decreasing trend with increasing replacement ratio of shield muck, with a particularly pronounced decline observed when the replacement ratio exceeded 40%.

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