highly significantp < 0.00001
The addition of DEX significantly decreased the onset time of anesthesia of nerve blockade by an average of −48.78 s in comparison to the control (95% CI: −64.22 to −33.35; I = 95%), favoring DEX, with a highly significant overall effect (Z = 6.20, p < 0.00001) (Fig. 3 a).