Evolution of N-terminal mechanical lability as a determinant for Type III secretion.

More quantitatively, NleC unfolded at 13.5 ± 0.5 pN (mean ± SEM; N = 64 at 100 nm/s) while protealysin unfolded at 50.7 ± 2.7 pN (mean ± SEM; N = 37 at 100 nm/s), a highly significant difference ( p < 0.001; unpaired T ‐test). 2.3 Effector NleC is mechanically compliant Not only were the magnitudes of the unfolding forces between NleC and protealysin distinctly different, the slopes of the two dynamic force spectrums were as well (Figure 1f ).

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