highly significantp < 0.001
The mean OHI-S scores were 0.85 ± 0.32 in Group A, 2.35 ± 0.52 in Group B, 3.15 ± 0.58 in Group C, and 2.05 ± 0.42 in Group D, showing a statistically highly significant difference among the groups (F(3,116) = 503.42, p < 0.001).