Thermo-hydraulic and second-law analysis of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger using water, propylene glycol, and glycerol mixtures in the laminar-transition regime.

Sci Rep · 2026 · PMC13385358 · PMID 42477391

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an increasing trendno p-value reported

An increasing trend of Nu with Reynolds number is clearly observed, reflecting the enhancement of convective heat transfer with increasing flow rate.

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