Effects of acute caffeine supplementation on physical, physiological, and sport-specific performance in female volleyball players: a systematic review and three-level meta-analysis.

Front Nutr · 2026 · PMC13388447 · PMID 42488219

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a statistical trendno p-value reported

Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05, while p -values between 0.05 and 0.10 were interpreted as indicating a statistical trend. 3.

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