highly significantp < 0.001
The hypotheses postulating direct effects of Ethical Leadership (EL) showed highly significant t-values: EL → EMI ( t = 15.746, p < 0.001, β = 0.587), EL → EC ( t = 12.021, p < 0.001, β = 0.546), EL → AC ( t = 6.398, p < 0.001, β = 0.339), EL → WH ( t = 7.378, p < 0.001, β = 0.362), and EL → WREP ( t = 4.770, p < 0.001, β = 0.291), confirming that Ethical Leadership (EL) constitutes a fundamental social resource that drives both motivational states and objective dimensions.