High-dose phytosterols supplementation improves lactation performance, modulates rumen microbiota, and reduces methane emission intensity in mid-lactation Holstein dairy cows.

Vet World · 2026 · PMC13392637 · PMID 42494685

Europe PMC DOI

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closest p · 1.0× alpha

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boldest claim

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an increasing trendp > 0.05actually significant

Among the individual VFAs, acetate decreased significantly by 5.66% (p < 0.01), whereas propionate showed an increasing trend (p > 0.05).

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a decreasing trendno p-value reported

Similarly, CH 4 (p > 0.05) and CO 2 (p > 0.05) emissions per kilogram of milk yield also showed a decreasing trend ( Table 6 ).

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