Synthesis of Samarium-incorporated X-ray-sensitive nanoparticles and hydrogels: Diverse applications in radiation monitoring and dynamic information display.

Further increase of Sm 3+ concentration contributed to a decreasing trend in the radioluminescence intensity owing to the concentration quenching effect, which is a commonly believed phenomenon for lanthanide‐based phosphor.[ 35 , 36 ] Moreover, the tendencies of the emission peak intensity at 564 and 648 nm, assigned to 4G 5/2 → 6H 5/2 and 4G 5/2 → 6H 9/2 transitions, are the same as that of the maximum emission peak.

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