Barely Significant
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Effects of collaboration on the foreign language side effect: evidence from Chinese international students using a dual-task paradigm.

Cogn Process · 2026 · PMC13424188 · PMID 41874894

2
hedged sentences
0.0800
closest p · 1.6× alpha
0.0800
boldest claim

The sentences

a marginal trend toward significancep = .080so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)
In contrast, the main effect of group showed a marginal trend toward significance ( p = .080), suggesting that collaboration may have helped mitigate interference relative to individual performance.

also in 37 other papers

a decreasing trendno p-value reported
Notably, the rate of interference in the trio collaboration group was significantly lower than in the individual group, and showed a decreasing trend compared to the pair collaboration group.

also in 29,876 other papers

Quoted from the open-access full text in Europe PMC under the licence the publisher applied. The sentence is reproduced exactly as published; the emphasis is ours.