Comparison of clinical effectiveness between interlaminar and transforaminal endoscopic lumbar discectomy for L4/5 highly migrated lumbar disc herniation: a retrospective study with a minimum one year follow-up.

BMC Musculoskelet Disord · 2026 · PMC13435653 · PMID 42219479

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a slight trendno p-value reported

Of note, in the further analysis of the IELD and TELD groups, very high-grade migration showed a slight trend of increased operation time, intraoperative blood loss, and fluoroscopic times compared to high-grade migration, though no significant statistical differences were observed ( P > 0.05).

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