Dwarf mongooses pre-emptively alter their behaviour relative to the threat posed by different rival groups.

There was a nonsignificant trend for a quadratic effect of relative neighbour group size on sentinel vocalizations ( P = 0.053; Fig. 2b , dashed line, and Supplementary Table 4c ); when this quadratic term was removed, there was a significant linear increase in likelihood of vocalization ( P = 0.042), with sentinels 8.2% more likely to announce their presence for each doubling of relative neighbour group size (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.1–13.1%; solid line, Fig. 2b ).

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