A retrospective comparative study of ChatGPT-5.4 and DeepSeek-VL2 for C-TIRADS-based risk stratification of thyroid nodules on ultrasound images.

Front Digit Health · 2026 · PMC13444745 · PMID 42564679

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a numerical trendno p-value reported

The sensitivity difference showed a numerical trend favoring ChatGPT-5.4 but did not reach statistical significance ( p = 0.087), and specificity was similar between the two models ( p = 0.885). 3.3.

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