Likewise, there may be significant depression of the protein C system, caused by enhanced consumption, impaired liver synthesis, vascular leakage and a down-regulation of thrombomodulin expression on endothelial cells by pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin(IL)-1β [ 26 - 28 ].
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Recent acquisitions in the pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of disseminated intravascular coagulation.
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