borderline significantp = 0.06
One of the common haplotype of PTPN22 (22222222211221, frequency: 18%) was found to interact with ever smoking at borderline significant level (OR = 0.78, 95%CI: 0.60–1.01, p = 0.06); however, the risk and the protective haplotypes that were identified previously in the case-control sample did not show any departure from multiplicativity with smoking in the case-only study.