Risk factors for adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix in women aged 20-44 years: the UK National Case-Control Study of Cervical Cancer.

There was a highly significant trend in risk ( P =<0.0001).

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For squamous cell carcinoma, ever use of oral contraceptives was associated with a marginally significant increase in risk (OR=1.37 (0.97–1.94)), with a similar increase seen in past (OR=1.31 (0.92 –1.87)) and current users (OR=1.64 (1.06–2.55)); for adenocarcinoma, risk was significantly increased in ever users (OR=1.56 (1.01–2.42) and in current, but not in past, users (OR for current users=2.36 (1.34–4.16)).

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The risk of squamous cell carcinoma was significantly increased in long-term (20 or more years) smokers, with an odds ratio of 2.05 (1.29–3.26) and a trend for duration of smoking of borderline significance ( P trend=0.05).

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