Serum vitamin D and risk of prostate cancer in a case-control analysis nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC).

However, when the associations between prostate cancer risk and 25(OH)D were examined separately by age, a borderline significant positive association was observed for men diagnosed at less than age 60 years (odds ratio for the highest compared with the lowest quintile = 2.90, 95% confidence interval: 0.85, 9.88; P for trend = 0.046), and this association was not significant for men aged 60 years or older ( P for trend = 0.594); however, neither was the test for heterogeneity between the trends statistically significant ( P for heterogeneity = 0.160).

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