These observations were also confirmed when investigating absolute T cell counts in the second cohort of patients; T H 17 and T H 1 levels then showed a highly significant correlation (p < 0.001), whereas T REG cells showed no significant correlations with any other T cell subset.
In contrast, T H 1 levels differed between males and females when comparing the elderly controls above 50 years of age but not when comparing the whole control group; a similar difference of borderline significance (Figure 5B ; p = 0.05) was observed only for patients with untreated disease.
A similar difference was also observed when comparing male (n = 7; median 4.2%, range 0.6-7.2) and female (n = 9; median 1.0, range 0.3-3.3) patients with untreated AML, although it reached only borderline significance (p = 0.06).