Bill color, not badge size, indicates testosterone-related information in house sparrows.

Behav Ecol Sociobiol · 2010 · PMC2920409 · PMID 20730125

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentence

0.0001

closest p · 0.0× alpha

0.0001

boldest claim

The sentences

highly significantp < 0.0001actually significant

We found a highly significant relation between bill color and date (lme: t 423 = -42.31; p < 0.0001; random effect—bird ID).

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