For example, if the presence of a particular allele of a particular gene (not involved in MS susceptibility) doubled the penetrance of MS for all susceptible combinations, the odds ratio for an association of this allele with MS would be (2.0) and highly significant, despite the fact that this allele would not be a "susceptibility" allele and the locus that harbored this allele would not be a "susceptibility" locus in the sense defined earlier (i.e., this would be a false association).
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