Cefditoren in upper and lower community-acquired respiratory tract infections.

14 In Spain, although the rates of erythromycin resistance have decreased in SAUCE (Susceptibility to the Antimicrobials Used in the Community in España) studies over recent years (26.7% in 1996–1997, 20.4% in 1998–1999, 24.3% in 2001–2002, and 19.0% in 2006–2007), no temporal decreasing trend for erythromycin resistance was found in contrast to an increasing trend in the percentage of the MLS B phenotype (7.0%, 10.5%, 14.0%, and 35.5%, respectively, among resistant strains in the corresponding SAUCE studies). 15 Since both mechanisms of resistance (M-efflux and MLS B ) imply resistance to 14- and 15-membered macrolides, erythromycin resistance implies resistance to azithromycin and clarithromycin. 16 H. influenzae Resistance to β-lactams in H. influenzae is defined using ampicillin as a marker of resistance.

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29 , 30 The SAUCE studies in Spain (1996–1997, 1998–1999, 2001–2002, 2006–2007) have shown a decreasing trend for penicillin nonsusceptibility rates (60.0%, 50.2%, 43.9%, and 22.9%, respectively) in contrast to erythromycin nonsusceptibility, which has shown lower variations (36.5%, 34.9%, 34.5%, and 22.9%, respectively), the MLS B resistance phenotype decreasing over time (from 98.4% in 1996–1997 to 81.3% in 2006–2007).

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