Perception of thermal pain and the thermal grill illusion is associated with polymorphisms in the serotonin transporter gene.

Splitting the analysis by gender consequently gave a highly significant association for women [χ 2 (1) = 10.71, p = 0.002] but not for men [χ 2 (1) = 0.052, p<1.00].

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For cold-pain sensitivity a similar pattern emerged for unpleasantness [rho = 0.36, p = 0.02] and just failed to achieve significance for pain [rho = 0.28, p = 0.07].

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