Range-expanding populations of a globally introduced weed experience negative plant-soil feedbacks.

Neither soil sterilization nor soil training affected germination time, but there was a marginally significant region*soil training interaction ( F 3,20 = 2.59, p = 0.08); Centaurea grown in Argentinean soils trained by conspecifics germinated later than in soils trained by grasses, while Centaurea grown in Eurasian soils trained by conspecifics germinated earlier than in soils trained by grasses ( Figure 1 ).

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