The structure similarities, computed using the RNA distance program [21] , revealed a remarkable resemblance between predicted secondary structures of 5′ sequences of YAP1 's uORF and RPEs of GCN4 's uORF1; the similarity score reached the value of 35 (compared to 46 for YAP2 versus GCN4 ; the higher the number, the lower the similarity), which is highly significant considering that the compared sequences are fairly short (∼90 nt).
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Translation reinitiation relies on the interaction between eIF3a/TIF32 and progressively folded cis-acting mRNA elements preceding short uORFs.
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