Although variability is high, thus reflecting the importance of tobacco smoking and other etiologic agents that influence lung cancer incidence and mortality besides PM 2.5 , a positive trend is observed between PM 2.5 and lung cancer incidence and mortality.
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An ecologic analysis of county-level PM2.5 concentrations and lung cancer incidence and mortality.
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Despite the low R 2 values, an overall trend was observed, with counties that had higher levels of PM 2.5 also having higher lung cancer incidence and mortality rates ( Figure 2 ), although there are exceptions, such as Mecklenberg county.