Factors associated with HIV incidence For adult women (>18 years old), very few socio-economics factors were significantly associated with HIV incidence in univariate analyses ( Table 3 ): younger age at 1 st sexual intercourse (p = 0.07; borderline significant) and lower consumption level (p = 0.01).
For women a positive trend was found between low per-capita consumption and HIV acquisition.
In contrast, recent evidence in Namibia suggests that the bias due to unobserved characteristics may be significant and that non-respondents may be two to three times more likely to be infected than respondents [39] .
We considered that variables were significant at p< = 0.05 and that 0.05<p<0.10 indicated a trend at the limit of significance.