Statistical quality indicators for electron-density maps.

Now assume the same n but all | x i | = 1.4, so now χ 2 = 196 and P (196/2; 100/2) = 0.999999967 ( p -value = 3.3 × 10 −8 ), which corresponds to a normal Z score of 5.5σ and so is now highly significant ( i.e. highly unlikely to be random error).

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Real-space Z Δρ score based on χ 2 for all density points in the sample The obvious alternative to using only the maximum value is to assume that all the sample values may be significant and to include all of them in the calculation of the probability.

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