Evidence of inbreeding depression on human height.

We found a highly significant inverse association between height and genome-wide homozygosity, equivalent to a height reduction of up to 3 cm in the offspring of first cousins compared with the offspring of unrelated individuals, an effect which remained after controlling for the effects of socio-economic status, an important confounder (χ 2 = 83.89, df = 1; p = 5.2×10 −20 ).

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