Understanding the gender disparity in HIV infection across countries in sub-Saharan Africa: evidence from the Demographic and Health Surveys.

Although the gender disparity is fairly consistent across regions within countries (that is, the sex effect at regional level was not significant and hence was excluded from the final model), there is some variation in the gender disparity across countries in sub-Saharan Africa, as suggested by the marginally significant sex effect at country level.

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It is interesting to note that although early marriage tends to be generally associated with an increased risk of HIV infection (as suggested by the somewhat significant and positive main effect), it is associated with a significantly reduced risk of HIV infection among women than among men.

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The results in Table 6 show a highly significant sex difference in HIV infection across countries in sub-Saharan Africa.

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