an increasing trendP = 0.1876
In contrast, although annual precipitation rates have not shown an increasing trend in the period 1990–2010 ( F 1,19 = 1.8686, P = 0.1876; Fig. 1c ), the total rainfall amounts in the years 1998 and 2010 have been extremes in terms of total rainfall and amounts per event ( Fig. 1d and e ), which resulted in undesired natural flooding and conditions that were very conducive for growth of pest populations in the trial presented here.