highly significantP < 0.001
Seasonal SST trends There were highly significant interactive effects of time (half decade) and location on SST during all seasons (spring, n = 10,944, MS = 16.357, df = 21, F = 2.614, P < 0.001, Fig. 3 a; summer, n = 11,021, MS = 13.070, df = 21, F = 6.009, P < 0.001, Fig. 3 b; autumn, n = 10,745, MS = 27.592, df = 21, F = 3.054, P < 0.001, Fig. 3 c; and winter, n = 10,356, MS = 20.833, df = 21, F = 15.397, P < 0.001, Fig. 3 d).