a positive trendp =0.087
No significant association was observed between PDLIM5 mRNA expression and duration of illness ( F =1.156, p =0.37), previous non-compliance ( F =0.233, p =0.638), or previous substance abuse ( F =0.644, p =0.437), but a positive trend was observed towards a significant association with a family history of mental illness ( F =3.427, p =0.087), as indicated by the finding that 45% of the patients had a history of mental disease.