Development of auditory-vocal perceptual skills in songbirds.

PLoS One · 2012 · PMC3527493 · PMID 23285011

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentences

0.0010

closest p · 0.0× alpha

0.0700

boldest claim

The sentences

highly significantp = 0.001actually significant

In contrast, age exerted a highly significant effect at the first step for frequencies between 500 and 625 Hz (χ 2 = 14.2, p = 0.001).

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marginally significantp = 0.06so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

The effect of age on frequency discrimination within the 410–550 Hz range was marginally significant ( p = 0.06), but age had no significant effect within the 550–750 Hz range ( p = 0.13).

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a slight trendp = 0.07so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

Thirty-five day birds showed a slight trend toward calling back more to the female call than to the male call (Wilcoxon, p = 0.07) and there was no effect of frequency on the call-back response to synthetic calls (Friedman, p = 0.86).

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