Mandibular ramus: An indicator for sex determination - A digital radiographic study.

(2002), and found that results of these studies were contradictory and not repeatable.[ 17 ] Haun (2000) questioned the predictive accuracy of mandibular ramus flexure as a single indicator of sexual dimorphism and suggests that caution be used when applying this technique in the absence of other morphological and osteometric indicators, especially in the case of fragmentary forensic or rare fossil remains.[ 18 ] Giles measured mandibles of known sex using anthropometric measurements and reported mandibular ramus height, maximum ramus breadth, and minimum ramus breadth as highly significant, with an accuracy of 85% in American Whites and Negroes.[ 19 ] Steyn and Iscan (1998) achieved an accuracy of 81.5% with five mandibular parameters (i.e. bigonial breadth, total mandibular length, bicondylar breadth, minimum ramus breadth, and gonion–gnathion) in South African Whites, which is comparable with the present study results.[ 1 20 ] Dayal et al .

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