Random effects models and multistage estimation procedures for statistical population reconstruction of small game populations.

These scenarios were 1) the “Increasing S” scenario, where natural survival probability exhibits an increasing trend over the course of the reconstruction, 2) a “Decreasing S” scenario, where natural survival probability gradually declines, and 3) a scenario where overall population abundance is relatively flat (on average) but there were periodic pulses of births every fourth year (years 4, 8, 12, etc.) with accompanying crashes in recruitment rate in alternative four-year increments (years 2, 6, 10, etc.).

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