Inorganic nitrogen derived from foraging honey bees could have adaptive benefits for the plants they visit.

The potential amount of inorganic N released to the soil by a typical colony of 20,000 bees foraging in an area similar to that of the experimental cages (3.24 m 2 ) was estimated at 0.62 to 0.74 g N m −2 month −1 which may be significant at a community scale in terms of soil microbial activity and plant growth.

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