Backpropagating action potentials enable detection of extrasynaptic glutamate by NMDA receptors.

In the presence of AMPAR blocker NBQX, synaptic stimulation paired with a bAP (70 ms apart, Figures 3 A and 3B) led to a relatively small, but highly significant, supralinear summation of Ca 2+ entry both in the shafts ( ΔG/R ; 115% ± 3% of the sum, n = 10, p < 0.001; Figures 3 C and 3E) and in the spines ( ΔG/R ; 115% ± 5% of the sum, n = 19, p = 0.001; Figures 3 D and 3F; cells were held in current-clamp mode).

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