The histone deacetylase inhibitor sodium valproate causes limited transcriptional change in mouse embryonic stem cells but selectively overrides Polycomb-mediated Hoxb silencing.

However, the increase varied from 8-fold and highly significant for Hoxb7, to small and insignificant for Hoxb1 and Hoxb5.

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It may be significant that chromatin opening, perhaps progressing 3′ to 5′ through the cluster, has been shown to be important for Hox gene activation [ 31 , 51 ].

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