TNFα reverse signaling promotes sympathetic axon growth and target innervation.

Quantification of the size and complexity of the neurite arbors showed that the TNFR1-Fc chimera caused highly significant increases in neurite length ( Fig. 2c ) and branch point number ( Fig. 2d ), and the Sholl profiles, which plot neurite branching with distance from the cell body, were clearly larger in the presence of TNFR1-Fc ( Fig. 2e ).

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