Systematic review of genuine versus spurious side-effects of beta-blockers in heart failure using placebo control: recommendations for patient information.

Int J Cardiol · 2013 · PMC3819624 · PMID 23796325

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentence

0.0600

closest p · 1.2× alpha

0.0600

boldest claim

The sentences

borderline significantp = 0.06so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

The only listed side-effect with any suggestion of difference between the two types of beta-blockers was oedema with a significant increase in the drug arm of the selective beta-blocker trials (p < 0.01), and a borderline significant decrease in the non-selective trials (p = 0.06), leading to overall no significant difference between placebo and beta-blocker amongst all trials. 4.

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