Analysis of pooled recordings as well as of mean vectors of recordings in dogs sampled during calm magnetic field conditions (relative change in declination = 0%; minimum of 5 observations per dog) revealed a highly significant axial preference for North–South alignment during defecation (for 0% declination change: μ = 173°/353° ± 9° (mean vector orientation angle; 95% confidence interval), r = 0.598 (mean vector length), Rayleigh test: n = 43, p = 6.2⋅10 -8 , Z = 15.353; second order (weighted) statistics: weighted mean vector (WMV): 175°/355°, r = 0.253, Hotelling test: n = 43, p = 1.02⋅10 -7 , F = 24.463; Tables 2 and 3 , Figures 1 and 2 ).
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