highly significantp<.001
Results Manipulation Check When comparing the percentage of REM sleep across the two nights for each experimental group we found a highly significant decrease of REM sleep from 11.9%±1.2 (mean ±SEM; adaptation night) to 1.4%±.4 (experimental night) in the REM deprivation group (p<.001; paired t-test) and a slight increase in the undisturbed sleep group (12.4%±1.2 and 15.7%±1.4; p = .07).