Behavioral sexual dimorphism in school-age children and early developmental exposure to dioxins and PCBs: a follow-up study of the Duisburg Cohort.

For the femininity score ( Table 4 ), we observed a similar consistent overall pattern of positive associations of exposures with the feminine score among boys and of negative associations with the feminine score among girls; the associations were significant for boys, but marginally significant for girls.

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Regression analyses revealed some highly significant interactions between sex and exposure—such as for ΣPCBs in milk, pronounced positive (boys: β = 3.24; CI = 1.35, 5.14) or negative (girls: β = –3.59; CI = –1.10, –6.08) associations with reported femininity.

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