Side effects of radiographic contrast media: pathogenesis, risk factors, and prevention.

In a recent retrospective study of CT examinations performed over a 10-year period in 20,242 adult inpatients (10,121 untreated and 10,121 treated with IV contrast media) with sufficient serum creatinine data, in order to determine the effect of IV low-osmolar contrast media (LOCM) on the development of post-CT CIN, stratified by pre-CT eGFR in patients with stable renal function, it has been observed that IV LOCM is a risk factor for nephrotoxicity in patients with a stable eGFR <30 mL/min/1.73 m 2 , with a trend toward significance at 30–44 mL/min/1.73 m 2 , whereas it does not appear to be a nephrotoxic risk factor in patients with a pre-CT eGFR ≥45 mL/min/1.73 m 2 [ 37 ].

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