highly significantp <0.001
Approachiness (a measure of directionality of hive approach) was the only parameter that showed a highly significant reduction from 0.30 and 0.42, for C GE and C S bees respectively, to 0.11 in the Nc-group ( F TR 2, 86.3 = 9.98, p <0.001) ( Tables 1 and S1 ).