Sleep spindle and slow wave frequency reflect motor skill performance in primary school-age children.

In contrast, there was a highly significant sleep-dependent effect on accuracy, which increased by 12.4 ± 4.6% (26% of the initial accuracy that was 47.6%, Z = 2.696, P = 0.007) specifically for the delayed trials, without any sleep-unspecific delayed effect (−1.6 ± 3.5%, Z = −0.457, P = 0.65) or non-delay-specific effect of sleep (−3.0 ± 4.6%, Z = −0.652, P = 0.51).

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Likewise, children with a longer average duration of their slow waves had a lower overall accuracy, significantly so for slow wave duration derived at FPz (−0.77 ± 0.30 lower % accuracy per milliseconds longer duration, Z = −2.567, P = 0.010) and almost significant for slow wave duration derived at Cz (−0.57 ± 0.30 lower % accuracy per milliseconds longer duration, Z = −1.900, P = 0.057).

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