[11] The second study concluding that there was a difference in all-cause mortality reported a non-significant effect of beta-blockers among patients with DM with a hazard ratio (HR) of.79 (95% confidence interval [CI].50, 1.20) and a borderline significant effect among patients without DM with a HR of.60 (.35, 1.01).
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The effects of comorbidity on the benefits and harms of treatment for chronic disease: a systematic review.
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